Impact of World War 2 on Canada :: essays research papers

The result of the Second conception War fundamentally changed Canada and its economy started booming. There are many reasons for this change and if you remember, World War I also made a big impact on the development of Canada. However, in the next few paragraphs I will run out about how Canada gained much more respect and autonomy from the Second World War than ever before and also the change from a country into an industrialized nation. After greatly contributing to the contend, especially in the Battle of the Atlantic, Canada ended up having the 3rd largest navy and 4th largest air force. Now, for such a smooth nation of only around 11 to 12 million, this was a large military force. Since Canada had done so well in the contend (already their second dry land war as a country) Canada started to grow further and further apart from Mother Britain. There was a feeling a greater sense of compliment and a more nationalistic notion. Canadians everywhere no longer saw themselv es as British, Scottish, or American, they were Canadian. Canada was now a respected country, and I might add, a pretty powerful one too.Canada also became a leader internationally as well. With such an enormous military contribution during the war, other countries began to recognize the success of Canada. People wanted to know more about Canada. Consequently, the war advanced Canadas sense of identity. Before the war, Canadas most crucial sector in its economy was agriculture. However, this was changing drastically after and during the war as industry began to take over as being more important. Canadian production of war material, food supplies, and raw materials had been crucial during the war. After the war, it was only natural that big investments were being made in mining, production, transportation, and services industries. Canadian cities were becoming very important contributors to the economy. This was also bringing in waves of post-war immigration, the backbone of Canadas multicultural society we know today. Because of Canadas boost in the industrial economy and its status in World War II, job options were abundant. By 1942 there was a full employment as hundreds and thousands of Canadian men and women found work in war industries.

Friedrich Engels Essays -- Biography Communism engels Essays

Friedrich Engels During the time of the industrial era, there were many people unhappy over the manner in which the nations were creation run. They were upset with the idea of capitol gain and how it was affecting peoples actions. They saw this era causing people to exploit each other with the intent of monetary gain. Those that were already part of the higher ranking class, the richer, would see reason to force the lower class, the running(a) man, to spend his manner in the new factories. He would be bullied into risking life and limb at the monstrous machines while hardly earning a penny. The working man suffered because the richer man owned the factory and consumed all the profits himself. Some men, however, saw a solution as well as the problem. They thought that if the power could be taken out of the manuss of the strong and power hungry, then the working class would realize the rights they had all along. The constant struggle for power would be eliminated and s o society would become better. Two of these men were Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marx had received all the identification while Engels has been shunted off the pages of history. He did, however, still have an impact on the development of communism. Friedrich Engels was born on November 28, 1820 in Barmen, Germany. Engels began to learn the family business rather early, being the oldest son of an auspicious industrialist.1 Engels studied commerce and worked for his father as an office clerk from 1837 to 1841. But this was not his only focus. He also tried his hand at poetry as did his future friend Marx. Like Marx, his attempts did not gain him any recognition in the literary world. By his eighteenth social class he had sworn off poetry all together. This was... ...e story of his life. Ann Arbor Paperbacks, 1962. 3. Mehring, Franz. Karl Marx The story of his life. Ann Arbor Paperbacks, 1962. 4. Modern History Sourcebook Friederich Engels Industrial M anchester, 1844 http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1844engels.html 5. Anderson, Thornton. Masters of Russian Marxism. New York Appelton-Century- Crofts, 1963. 6. BIOGRAPHICAL ARTICLE ON ENGELS, Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon. Vol. 6, 14th ed., Leipzig and Vienna, 1893. Translated into English by patterned advance Publishers 7. BIOGRAPHICAL ARTICLE ON ENGELS, Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon. Vol. 6, 14th ed., Leipzig and Vienna, 1893. Translated into English by Progress Publishers 8. Marx and Engels. Reminiscences of Marx and Engels. Moscow Foreign Lauguages Publishing House.

Novel Eval :: Technology Papers

Novel EvalThere appears to be some writing on the note ... Ethel Cindy R. Lucero English M01A Ms. Janet Cross April 16, 2001 A Gender Twist star great allure of computerized communication systems is their ability to allow participants to effortlessly reshape their selves and their appearance through the manipulation of words and images or representations rather than through modification of the carnal body, a process requiring access to advanced biomedical technologies beyond the reach of most individuals. These communication systems allow people to escape boundaries and categories that have in the past constrained their activities and their identities. In communication, knowing the identity of those with whom you communicate is essential for understanding and evaluating an interaction. Yet in the disembodied world of the virtual community, identity is also ambiguous. Many of the basic cues about personality and social role we are accustomed to in the physical world are absent.Cont ained in that concept is the rootage of a true revolution in computers and communication the possibility that it may no longer be possible to make judgments based on physical and biological images before our eyes, that instead we may be forced to deal with shattered categories and shifting identities. Jesse Kornbluth, in his article titled you make me feel corresponding A Virtual Woman, wrote about his experiences in using the internet as a means of communication with other people. His extraordinary revelations came from ordinary chat live where his identity changed to a woman. He is heterosexual, but once online, he becomes a virtual woman. This started when he first logged in, he was bored to death by unremitting chat rooms, where all people can see on the main window are terms like LOL (laughing out loud). He went on to the side by side(p) level, which is the member room. They have inviting names such as M 4 M, Married and Restless, etc. He anticipated an interesting room but make out that it was a mess of men and women or men and men typing while they indulge themselves in hot chats of perversion. He was disappointed not to find smart and witty individuals to talk to on the net. He has a wonderful wife and a bunch of female friends, that if he was a slimeball, he could have as much lovers as he wants. So he is not interested in all the junk cybersex has to offer.

Rent Control: Pros And Cons :: Rent Control New York Argumentative Essays

Rent Control Pros and ConsRent control is the government imposition of expenditure ceilings on countercur crosscurrent forapartments in certain areas of a city. The goal is usually to shelter the rightsof the poor. Thus, in a rent controlled or rent stabilized building, the amountof rent will non increase as quickly as inflation. plot the moral location of rentcontrol may have some appeal, in the long run the disadvantages far surmount theadvantages.Those who argue in opt of rent control say that it is the only way to protectlower-income tenants from landlords who overprice, and from being forced to moveout of a contiguity because they cannot afford the rent. Limiting the pricethat a landlord can demand helps maintain a citys ethnic diversity and pr chargeingtsthe creation of slums on the outskirts of the main city. Another involvement thatproponents say is that by linking rent prices to apartment maintenance andmaterial improvements, rent control actually improves the st ate of housing.Overall, they argue that the goals of rent control can be reached if they areadministered in a careful and just way.The opponents, though, have both theoretical and practical experience on theirside. First, rent control creates a foodstuff that is unfair for everyone. Sincethe rent is develop at a lower than normal level, an unsatisfied demand is created.This increase in demand leads to an increase in the court of rents in theuncontrolled sector. Thus, both types of rents are created those that areunfairly cheap, and those that are unfairly expensive.Another problem that is created is that landlords who own rent controlledapartments are often not able to earn copious money to adequately maintainbuildings. This leads to run-down, poor quality housing. In mevery cases,landlords lose so much money that they are not able to even pay the debt on theproperties, and they abandon them. Both of these effects have been documented inNew York and elsewhere, and go against th e goals of rent control.Finally, rent control has the bad side effect of turning away new construction.This is because even if rent controls dont include new constructions, ownersare afraid to build any new buildings if in a few years those too will be takenover by rent control. Rent control thence leads to less construction and an evengreater unsatisfied demand. This, in turn, increases the rents of uncontrolledapartments even more. New constructions are also avoided because banks andinsurance companies dont want to invest in areas where rent control is ineffect, because they know that it is likely that landlords will not be able toRent Control Pros And Cons Rent Control New York disputatious EssaysRent Control Pros and ConsRent control is the government imposition of price ceilings on rent forapartments in certain areas of a city. The goal is usually to protect the rightsof the poor. Thus, in a rent controlled or rent stabilized building, the amountof rent will not increase a s quickly as inflation. While the moral side of rentcontrol may have some appeal, in the long run the disadvantages far outweigh theadvantages.Those who argue in favor of rent control say that it is the only way to protectlower-income tenants from landlords who overprice, and from being forced to moveout of a neighborhood because they cannot afford the rent. Limiting the pricethat a landlord can demand helps maintain a citys ethnic diversity and preventsthe creation of slums on the outskirts of the main city. Another thing thatproponents say is that by linking rent prices to apartment maintenance andmaterial improvements, rent control actually improves the state of housing.Overall, they argue that the goals of rent control can be reached if they areadministered in a careful and just way.The opponents, though, have both theoretical and practical experience on theirside. First, rent control creates a market that is unfair for everyone. Sincethe rent is set at a lower than normal level , an unsatisfied demand is created.This increase in demand leads to an increase in the cost of rents in theuncontrolled sector. Thus, two types of rents are created those that areunfairly cheap, and those that are unfairly expensive.Another problem that is created is that landlords who own rent controlledapartments are often not able to earn enough money to adequately maintainbuildings. This leads to run-down, poor quality housing. In many cases,landlords lose so much money that they are not able to even pay the debt on theproperties, and they abandon them. Both of these effects have been documented inNew York and elsewhere, and go against the goals of rent control.Finally, rent control has the bad side effect of turning away new construction.This is because even if rent controls dont include new constructions, ownersare afraid to build any new buildings if in a few years those too will be takenover by rent control. Rent control thus leads to less construction and an evengreater uns atisfied demand. This, in turn, increases the rents of uncontrolledapartments even more. New constructions are also avoided because banks andinsurance companies dont want to invest in areas where rent control is ineffect, because they know that it is likely that landlords will not be able to

Violence In The Media :: essays research papers

The Effects of Violence on TVDid you hear about the recent Jonesboro shootings in America where an 11-year-old and a 13-year-old shot down and killed quartette school mates and a teacher? The outrage has been put down to many things including exposure to violence in the media and computer feistys. Television authorities leave alone tell you that TV doesnt breed murderers, and to some extent it is true, but the partiality violence on TV and computer games is enough to tip a blood-drenched romance or perhaps a gruesome dream of revenge into an irreversible act of reality. The debate over the effects of violence in the media and computer games has been button on for quite some time, but it was only in 1997 that it reached significant status just after the killing of an 11 year old son by a 14-year-old in Japan. The 11-year-old was decapitated and his head placed on the school fence. The idea supposedly came from a form of media or computer game. This forget to the investigations of the so-called "Nintendo generation", a generation so focused around computer games and television that reality is no longer easy to distinguish from fantasy and abnormality. Professor Fukaya of the New York Times says "They havent been growing up with real feelings, living with real friends, or with real nature."Figures show that one in four British children has their own VCR and uses it to record s-rated films late at night. X-rated films are not the problem. The problem is that the films are x-rated for a reason and this reason is that they are not designed for childrens ever believing eyes. Figures also show that they are very damaging, not least because of the desensitising more sex and violence has on childrens minds. The rampage in 1987 by a sacked mail man put the term going postal into the American vocabulary, meaning a murderous rage. Since then a computer game has been made, although it is banned in Australia demos are available on the internet. The game POSTAL, involves a series of massacres, including a school ground shooting. The player has to try and stalk as many school kids as possible and then shoot them. Then they have the chance to either listen to their plees for mercy of ignore them and finish them stumble for extra points. So the object of the game is to kill as many people as possible.

Violence In The Media :: essays research papers

The Effects of Violence on TVDid you hear about the recent Jonesboro shootings in America where an 11- social class-old and a 13-year-old fortuity down and killed four school mates and a teacher? The outrage has been put down to many things including exposure to violence in the media and computer games. idiot box authorities will tell you that TV doesnt breed murderers, and to some extent it is true, but the fantasy violence on TV and computer games is enough to pinnacle a blood-drenched fantasy or perhaps a gruesome dream of revenge into an irreversible act of reality. The debate over the effects of violence in the media and computer games has been going on for quite some time, but it was only in 1997 that it reached significant status just after the killing of an 11 year old boy by a 14-year-old in Japan. The 11-year-old was decapitated and his head placed on the school fence. The idea supposedly came from a form of media or computer game. This lead to the investigations of the so-called "Nintendo generation", a generation so focused around computer games and television that reality is no longer leisurely to distinguish from fantasy and abnormality. Professor Fukaya of the New York Times says "They havent been growing up with real feelings, living with real friends, or with real nature."Figures show that one in four British children has their own VCR and uses it to record s-rated films late at night. X-rated films atomic number 18 not the problem. The problem is that the films are x-rated for a reason and this reason is that they are not designed for childrens ever believing eyes. Figures also show that they are very damaging, not least because of the desensitising more sex and violence has on childrens minds. The rampage in 1987 by a sacked mail man put the term going postal into the American vocabulary, meaning a murderous rage. Since then a computer game has been made, although it is banned in Australia demos are available on the inte rnet. The game POSTAL, involves a series of massacres, including a school ground shooting. The player has to learn and stalk as many school kids as possible and then shoot them. Then they have the chance to either listen to their plees for mercy of edit them and finish them off for extra points. So the object of the game is to kill as many people as possible.

Discuss the Reasons for, and Consequences of Social and Economic Groupings of Nations.

Discuss the reasons for, and consequences of social and economic groupings of nations. In this current generation exists a meander of major trade blocks, for example ASEAN consisting of countries such as Laos, Malaysia and Singapore. However one of the most well known Trade blocs in the world today is the EU, which shortly links together 27 countries.The reason as to which countries want to form these alliances with early(a) countries is as they want to stimulate their economic growth via various methods, such as making trade between the countries easier, thus increasing profits, allowing the unaffectionate movement of labour and capital, and sharing knowledge thus allowing all members of the group to develop. thither be different types of alliances that countries can form, the first of which is free trade areas. These are when countries remove all tariffs and quotas on trade between themselves, solely keep the taxes for when countries removed of the trade bloc want to import into the group (e. g.NAFTA). The next type of alliance is common markets, which are like custom unions but as well, allow the free movement of labour and capital the EU once existed in this form. The final type are Economic unions in which members do all of the above but they also adopt common policies for the likes of agriculture, transport and pollution. The EU has currently adopted this format. Economic groupings do bewilder a variety of advantages and disadvantages linked to them. Many humanitarians are in favour of social and economic groupings, as they mean due to an increased amount of international understanding, there is a greater chance of peace.Also, as trade barriers are removed, the economy of a boorish is allowed to develop which ultimately will motive a spiral of growth therefore resulting in break away living conditions. In my personal opinion, trade blocs are ideal for people who find it difficult to seek practice session in their own country, as they have t he legal right to travel into another member of the group and work there. This may cause conflict however as people in the country which is receiving migrants for work may believe that jobs theyre entitled to are being taken up, and for this reason, people may be against trade blocs.These benefits were apparent after the system of NAFTA (The North American Trade Agreement) between the USA, Canada and Mexico. The gradual eradication of trade tariffs allowed the amount of trade to triple between 1993 and 2007 ($306 billion to $930 billion), with an increase in employment in the USAs manufacturing industry due its expansion. As a result of Mexicos participation in NAFTA, it received an increased amount of conflicting investment, and so higher wages were paid to workers and there were increased sales from the agricultural industry.Similar benefits also applied to the European Union (EU). Trade has increased importantly between the European countries, which are part of grouping. In 197 0 just over 12% of the UKs GDP came from trade with European countries. After the UK joined the EU in 1973, this percentage rapidly increased in 2002, around 23% of the UKs GDP came from trade with EU countries. The EU also supports come industries for example, it has the cat valium Agricultural Policy (CAP), which subsidises for EU farmers and adds import tariffs and quotas on agricultural policies outside the EU.This gives farmers a reasonable standard of living, secures food supplies and ensures a god price for consumers. there are other problems that social and economic groupings cause, and it is these problems that right-wing political parties such as the UK Independence Party (UKIP) will promote. These parties highly criticise groupings, as they believe they create a pressure on countries to adopt central legislation even though the country itself may not want to.Also, they believe that the elite countries of the group will hold a disproportionate amount of power through vo ting systems and therefore there is a lack of equality. Finally, it is believed that these groupings tend to cause a loss of sovereignty and for this reason decisions are centralized by what some perceive to be as an undemocratic bureaucracy. Critics of NAFTA pointed out that some Canadian companies had to close down as a result of competition from lower-cost USA firms.Furthermore, jobs were also lost in the USA as firms moved to Mexico in my opinion, the master(prenominal) reason as to why companies moved to Mexico is because I believe they had the intention of exploiting the country due to its less stringent pollution laws. The EU, just like NAFTA has also had critics as it has had various negative impacts. For example, increased immigration within the EU has resulted in a lack of skilled workers in some eastern European countries because so many have moved to Western Europe to seek better wages.Furthermore, countries that are part of the EU have to share resources with each oth er for example, countries joining the EU come under the Common Fisheries Policy, which means their fishing grounds become open to fishing by other member states. boilersuit it is clear to me that social and economic groupings are established in order to promote trade between its members thus allowing the development of the participating countries economies, and even though they do have their advantages, the groupings also has skeptics due to the drawbacks they create.

Culture adaptation and survival Essay

With communication and transportation more readily available than before, the interpenetration of cultural facets between groups have become easier if not more frequent. However, this flow of data cannot be solely attri scarcelyed to the presence of devices that allow information dissemination raft take an active part whether consciously or not, in spreading and reforming cultures by their global movements and actions. This paper will look into this event, focusing on how adopting cultural features from other groups can resemble biological version in that they both can lead to higher survival rates in a given environment.Historical and relevant situations gathered from related literary productions will be used to develop and provide grounds for this statement. Jia, Lu and Heisey posit that globalization is not only penetrating the economic sphere but also threatening the cultural boundaries of m all nations (Jia, Lu & Heisey, 2002, p. 155). A part of the globalization trend is th e influx of different peoples to different countries. Due to exposure to impudently environments and possibly new cultural practices, the sense of stability of the migrating peoples is compromised.According to Kim, in order to once more achieve internal equilibrium and reduce the seek the situation has affected upon them, a person adapts by altering his or her internal conditions (as cited in Liu, 2001, p. 14). During the nineteenth century, strong sentiments of Anglo-conformity pervaded the Americas as new immigrants came in droves. there was a strong notion that the formation of the American peoples and identity had ended and there was doubt whether the newcomers can be assimilated (Dicker, 2003, p.44). The assumption that the immigrants had a strong desire for assimilation was not completely true. Though they did have a strong desire to acquire English and several traits of mainstream America, this is mostly to open paths to reach their goals and not for total incorporation ( Dicker, p. 39). This partial cultural assimilation can be likened to temporary biological adaptations such as acclimatization here the bodys biological functions work hard to tolerate the current environmental condition.This process is not immediate, requiring time for the body to adjust itself to the climate such as for a climber to survive high altitude conditions, it is recommended for them to climb slowly, resting a few times (Backer, et al. , 2005, p. 223). These adaptations may be partial and temporary but they allow people moving in that environment to function and achieve their goals. Environments, whether social or natural, hold a certain amount of resources and if these are limited the existing groups cope to gain access to these.In the case of the Spanish limittlers in the Americas, a tri-racial alliance- the Spaniards, the natives and those that were borne out of relations between the two- was created and access to power and prestige depended on a persons degree of ac culturation (Dicker, 2003, p. 48). According to Daniels An individual who spoke Spanish, wore European clothes, and ate European style food was considered, if not Spanish, not any longer Indian (as cited in Dicker, p. 48).People had to adhere to the standards that the Spanish had set in order to gain access to resources and survive, for those that are no longer Indian were set to help manage the state (Daniels as cited in Dicker, p. 48). Grasping the basic ideas of survival of the fittest, those that are able to adjust to some current norms of the society are able to survive, have access to resources and thus achieve more reproductive success than those ostracized, cut off and with limited offspring. Kims theory (as cited in Liu, 2001, p.14) assumes that stress and growth are inseparable and that both are necessary for successful adaptation. A culture or a species must be able to grow and adapt to surrounding cultural facets to lessen the stress that is affecting them. According to Cohen (1974, p. 3) A populations adaptation is its relationship to its habitat. The population adapts when it changes key factors in itself so that the environment can be a more fitting place for them to live, such as adapting the language of the place, the standards set by those that control the resources etc.Adopting cultural features from other groups allow the people to be integrated, whether partially or completely, into that community and lessen the stress that limit them from surviving. biological evolution is similar to this as success in here is measured by how a population manages to reproduce generations and provide for them. Backer, H. D. , Bowman, W. D. , Paton, B. C. , Steele, P. Thygerson, A. L. & Gulli, B. (2005). Wilderness first attend to emergency care for remote locations (2nd ed. ). Massachusetts, USA Jones & Bartlett Publishers.Cohen, Y. A. (1974). Man in adaptation the cultural present (2nd ed. ). Chicago, USA Aldine Transaction. Dicker, S. J. (2003) Language s in America a pluralist trance (2nd ed. ). Clevedon, UK Multilingual Matters. Jia, W. Lu, X. & Heisey, D. R. (2002). Chinese communication theory and research reflections, new frontiers, and new directions. Connecticut. USA Greenwood publish Group, 2002 Liu, J. (2001). Asian students classroom communication patterns in U. S. universities an emic perspective. Connecticut, USA Greenwood Publishing Group.

Neoliberal Policies in the development of the International Economy since the early 1980s Essay

International Economy has always been volatile as it is subject to the activities of the grocery itself and the market players. Since global in composition, all countries constituting the international domain have a significant effect in the economy as a whole. Neoliberalism is a school of thought that traces its beginnings in Neoliberal Manifesto it believes that neighborly progress can be attained through economical liberalism. Therefore, it believes that social aggrandizement can be make through transferring the control of the economy from the cosmos (government) to the private sector.It advocates that since the private sector is to a greater extent adept in handling the economy it is righteous to have them control it so that results go forth be lucky for all, economy-wise. While this move dismantles competition and espouses oligarchy and monopoly, John Williamson ( unrivaled of the premier minds behind Neoliberalism) argues that it is for the best interest of the nation as more(prenominal) business and firms will be built. It embraces ecstasy points of contention.The first being the Fiscal policy where deficits are seen to be used only under occasional stabilization purposes, it in that respectfore believes that large deficits should not be run by the government as it will only be paid later on by the citizens. It has a great tendency to current of air to low productivity and inflation. And no country would like to experience inflation as it is tantamount to economic suicide. Second is the redirection of subsidies to public spending while subsidies has is purpose, the uprightness is there are more people in need of more services and it is the responsibility of the government to aid them.The government spending will strain on education, health care and infrastructure development. This espouses emphasis and control of the government to social sectors. Social Welfare should be one of the key priorities of the government. Third is revenue enhance ment reform which aims to adopt mode say marginal tax so that citizens will be encouraged to innovate and be efficient. This means that people are truly encouraged to be active participants of the market and not mere observers.Fourth is floating exchange rates which imply that the value of the gold is volatile, it can go down or up depending on the performance of the currency. This only means that there are many rooms for development as the exchange rate is not fixed, only it has its equivalent risks. Fifth is wad liberalization which affirms the dismantling of quantitative restrictions in order that competition will be encouraged and the tonicity of products that will be produced will grow more and more.This does not only motivate people and firms to work hard tho in addition to innovate, to invent brand-new things and develop new ideas so that the buyers will purchase their products. Sixth is Liberalization, while the fifth focuses on trade, this one embraces monetary trade that opens the doors for people to invest their resources foreign and in turn to attract foreign investors as well. It works both ways, letting the market run from one country to another thus change trading tie between and among nations.Privatization of state enterprises is one of the most interesting points of Williamson as it gives more power to the people. It battles monopoly by opening to the private sector the opportunity to create firms and companies that will provide services similar to that provided by governments, it brings about venues for competition and more importantly choices for the people. Deregulation is basically removing market restrictions. As market restrictions tend to limit competition it also promotes standards both for quality and security.Deregulation removes the market restrictions precisely retains those with lawful justifications and phyto-sanitary standards. Legal security for property rights is the 9th point and is seen as protection for the publi c as they are given exclusivity to their rights. No one from the government or the government itself can claim ownership over ones property, which again empowers the people economically and politically. And finally the Financialization of large(p). This promotes more power to the economy. Neoliberalism inspired the many changes in the International Economy in the 1980s.As more and more people understand and see the benefits of having an economy that operates on its own more and more people supported and adopted it. The 1980s was a conviction of Economics transformation. It was the inspiration for the collapse of Communism, countries like Yugoslavia and China freed themselves from the Communist ideology as they embrace liberal policies in economics. Democratic countries further supported the pretend of neoliberalism as they focused on economics individual right where not only firms and institutions get to be play and participate in the market but people as well.Governments also pr ioritized free trade. Since neoliberalism is a rather new idea, nations cannot abruptly turn 360 degrees to embrace it, therefore the changes were implemented in moderation but created great impact in several of the most stable and prolific economies of the world. Two of the most important people in the 1980s were greatly influenced by economic liberalism, they are Margaret Thatcher, unify Kingdoms Iron Lady and United States 41st President, Ronald Reagan.Both of them had the same understanding and view with regards to economy, they were determined to beam neoliberalism as they see it very efficient and effective for majority of the markets. Reagonomics, the term used to refer to the economic policies of then US President Ronald Reagan was anchored greatly in neoliberalism. Its four pillars were close to the ideas promoted by neoliberalism. The four pillars were to reduce government spending, to reduce income and capital marginal taxes, to reduce government regulation of the econo my and control money supply to reduce inflation.The four pillars can be found in Williamsons 10 points of contention as well, only re-affirming that Reagonomics was inspired by neoliberalism. Historically, the United States faced inflation and massive unemployment before Reagans presidency. His strategy of reinventing the approaches to the American economy was greatly different from the Presidents before him as they embraced monopoly and state governance instead of free market. Margaret Thatcher worked to the best of her ability to dismantle trade barriers and limit the intervention of the government in the market.This may sound ironic as the n choice Minister Thatcher is the head of government but she is actually reducing the power of her office. This only tells us that the leadership of Thatcher wanted so badly to rebuild the term quo when it comes to economic policies. This also suggests that the Margaret Thatcher paid emphasis to the importance of economic stability in achiev ing political stability. At that time, neoliberalism was the key to advancement both socially and more importantly politically.In turn, industries increase its shift from locally to globally. Therefore integrating the different and varied economies of the world to arrive at a compromise and a common ground to negotiate and maximize the utilization of the worlds resources. Not only are the tangible resources shared but the intangible ones as well. Research and development was able to advance because of the collaboration of various minds giving different perspectives to a specific subject.The effects and influence of neoliberalism were vast, not only was it seen and certain in the West but in all other parts of the world. In key countries like Australia, Canada, Japan, Scandinavian countries, United Kingdom and United States, neoliberalism was greatly accepted even in striving countries like Chile and South Africa. Even Latin American countries which embraced and adopted neoliberalis m achieved economic gains as they became less open on imports from foreign countries and achieved urbanization.Neoliberalisms effects can be summarized in several points. First is the growth in international trade and cross border capital flow. Since neoliberalism espouses freedom in economy, therefore eliminating and limiting trade barriers nations are given the lee way to trade with whoever they want as long as well-grounded standards are respected. This way, the capitals are maximized and other opportunities for business are explored not only locally but internationally as well.In relation with the first, the elimination of trade barriers is one of the major legacies of neoliberalism. It is perhaps its essential value people and firms are no longer under the role of government standards. The rules made are made essentially and specifically for economic purposes and aims in mind, contrary the trade barriers which is more government serving. And last, privatization of public o wned companies. Among all the many legacies neoliberalism left us, the privatization of government operated companies is credibly the most beneficial for the public.As the private sector handle the previously government owned companies (example telecommunication, television and water systems) the buyers and purchasers are given more choices, more quality and more products. Since the market is now open and anyone can put up a telephone or television company, the present business owners will be set and pressured to keep on improving their services as competitors are everywhere, next they need to constantly modernize and innovate so as consumers will have something to look forward to, in the same way that it makes them ahead of the competitors.And lastly, the market is controlled by people who are focused on economy, unlike when a company is controlled by the government the focus of the company is torn between economic purposes and government aims. It is also believed that economic fr eedom brings about correct standards of living, it attracts investors and finally pushes technology to do and achieve more. Political Scientist Thomas Friedman said that political freedom can be achieved when there is economic freedom.As governance and economics are gravely intertwined with another, when the economic composition of a nation is controlled by a certain sector of the society, the political control is on its side. While, if there is economic liberalism, the economic sector and political sector can serve as checks and balances of one another, therefore securing that both sectors are doing what they are supposed to do.Friedman also noted that economic power should be separated from political power as the tendency to abuse and be abused is so vast. However, critics of neoliberalism believe that economic liberalism bastardizes the c at a timept of a nations right to self determination as the government loses its hand over one of the most important divisions, the economy, it assumes that the once a government has limited access over its economy the state itself becomes weaker.Capitalism is also viewed as a tool to exploit because everything is market and results driven critics say that the poor will only get poorer and the rich richer because the market is controlled by the rich. However, proponents of neoliberalism that Capitalism only maximizes the resources and provides limitless opportunities for people who are willing to appropriate them. In summary, the effects of neoliberalism in the movement of the international economy is incomparable.It is one of the few schools of thought that was accepted and supported worldwide and later on became the mould of how economies should function. Although perceived by some to be exploitative and conflicting with the government, the benefits it had done to countries and nations which have adopted its policies are clear and surviving, from the 1980s to this day. And more and more economies compensate to gro w and strengthen as the further enhance the legacies left behind by neoliberalism.

Is Odysseus a Hero? Essay

The Odyssey, written by Homer and translated by Robert Fagles, is an epic poem focused on Odysseus, an Ithacan soldier, and his journey that helps him grow as a hero. Odysseus makes idiotic mistakes that end up costing his crewmembers lives. His immature ways are sometimes interrupted by occasional courageous acts, but do not outweigh the negative ones. Even though he possesses some hero archetype qualities, Odysseus is not a hero. One way Odysseus proves himself to not be a hero by having an affair with Calypso while married. And now, withdrawing into the caverns deep recesses, long in each others blazon they lost themselves in love. (250,159) This shows that even though Odysseus is so eager to get home to his family, he is willing to make love with another woman sort of of staying faithful, like a hero would.We are also shown this through his acts in the Cyclopss cave. Although he was warned by fellow shipmates to leave the island as presently as possible, Odysseus refuses to le ave with the thought of being able to stay there and feast on the food found in the cave of the Cyclops, Polyphemus, the son of Poseidon. Polyphemus is at first a polite host, until the men overstay their welcome. The Cyclops then blocks the exit from the cave so Odysseus and his crew may not leave, but not before killing some of the shipmates. Lurching up, he lunged out with his hands towards my men and snatched two at once, rapping them on the ground he knocked them dead like pups (325, 220) This shows that if Odysseus had not acted selfishly by staying in the cave, his crewmates would be alive.A final example of Odysseus not fulfilling the hero archetype is when he refuses to trust his men and does not key them the content of the bag of winds. This causes the men to come up with the idea that the bag holds riches of coins and treasures. The men are so close to home they can wait people on the shore, but the men are too curious and open the bag of winds. Upon the opening of this bag, the ship of Odysseus is then sent back to sea. They loosed the end and all the winds burst out and sudden squall struck and swept us back to sea, wailing, in tears, far from our own native land. (53, 232)This tragedy could wear been avoided had Odysseus shared with the shipmates what was being contained in this bag, instead of being secretive and trying to be the man of the hour. In conclusion, Odysseus may be learning from the mistakes he has make and growing as a hero, but is not at all a hero yet. He makes decisions based on selfish desires that cost some(prenominal) lives throughout the story. A hero is supposed to support his peers and stand up for what is right instead of making choices based on what he wants, and Odysseus does not. Although Odysseus may be perceived as a hero through many readers eyes of The Odyssey, he is not at all a hero.

Effects of Samsung

Describe the development of the community over time (including its origin) and provide information on range of products and activities From its inception as a small export business in Taegu, Korea, Samsung has grown to become one of the worlds leading electronics companies, specializing in digital appliances and media, semiconductors, memory, and ashes integration. Today Samsungs innovative and top quality products and processes are world recognized. 1938-1957 Samsungs beginning In 1938 the Samsungs founder Byung-Chull Lee set up a administer export company in Korea, selling fish, vegetables, and fruit to China.Within a decade Samusng had flour mills and confectionary machines and became a co-operation in 1951. 1958-1979 Diversifying in Industries and Electronics From 1958 onwards, Samsung began to expand into different industries such as financial, media, chemicals and ship building throughout the 1970s. Soon after, Samsung created its own electronic appliances. 1980-1989 Enteri ng the global market placeplace During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Samsung modify and expanded globally. The company started building bigger manufacturing plants for its appliances and electronics from 1982 to1987 in New York, England and Portugal. 990-1999 Becoming a Global Force In the mid-1990s, 17 different products climbed into the ranks of the top-five products for global market office in their respective areas. Despite the 1997 financial crisis that affected nearly all Korean businesses, Samsung was one of few companies that continued growing. 2000-Present Pioneering the Digital Age Now, Samsung is utterly positioned as one of the worlds recognized leaders in the digital technology industry, and they has won the No. 1 global market share for 13 of their products, including semiconductors, and CDMA energetic phones.Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics was created in 1969, products include televisions and many other kinds of home appliances, telecommunications equip ment, and computers. Its most important product is semiconductors. Semiconductors Lee had determined in the mid-1970s that high-tech electronics was the growth industry of the future, he formed Samsung Semiconductor and Telecommunications Co. in 1978. Utilizing its newly acquired knowledge, Samsung became the first Korean manufacturer of low-cost, relatively low-tech, 64-kilobit dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. TelecommunicationsSamsung first time fling was a car Phone in 1986, but it have poor reception and low sales. In 1993, a turning point came in company when it released the SH-700 series. Mobile of this Series have sleeker design and better sound quality, with a better product, Samsung reclaim more than half the mobile phone market share in Korea. Samsung cell phones found its way into American hands for the first time in 1996. A few years later, South America and lacquer were enjoying the high-end design of Samsung Mobile phones. In early 2009, Samsung Mobiles glob al market share stood at more than 17 percent, second only to Nokia.

Nucor Steel Case Study

There argon legion(predicate) competitive forces that atomic number 18 change Nucor Corporation. Some of the primary anes are the market size, deed of rivals, and pace of technological change. The market size is shrinking beca practice of the increase in competing international vane companies. The number of rivals in the States is declining pay adequate to(p) to high labor address than in foreign countries. There is a real fast pace of technology in the mark assiduity and it suck inms that the comp whatsoever, that dumbfounds the pertlyest technology, showes. This is due to the bafflingy in lower be of stigma production.Better technology is one of the only shipway to decrease costs because labor is pretty much(prenominal) at a set cost and all that is left is the cost of crusade and making the mark. If a gild mass get its hands on a overbold technology that allows it to chthonic price its competitors then it has a big advantage in the brand applicati on. Nucors main rivals in the brand constancy are AK Steel Holding Corporation, Mittal Steel Company, and U. S. Steel. The five forces for the brace industry are the buyers, substitutes, suppliers, threat of sunrise(prenominal) entrants, and rivals. The buyers assimilate a fairly self-coloured top executive on the steel posers.This is because of the low switching cost betwixt competitors. Unless(prenominal) a contract is signed between a steel companion and its buyer, at that place is little cost to the buyer if it wants to switch to a different steel social club. There are not truly galore(postnominal) substitutes for steel, as steel is a commodity, so the substitute proponent is weak. Steel is a one of a kind item in that it is precise self-colored and real versatile in its use. It is employ in buildings, automobiles, bridges, garage door openers, and many other everyday objects. Suppliers also get hold of a weak power in the steel industry.The suppliers are supplying branding iron to steel companies. Iron is very common and many companies sell it. Also, steel companies frequently integrate backwards and fork up their own iron to their steel mills. The threat of new entrants is very weak due to high entry barriers and the current struggling competitors. The rival power is moderate to satisfying because there are a fair number of steelmaking companies. Also steel dumping occurs, but I will be public lecture ab erupt that later. According to this outline, Nucor is in a three star industry, so it follow take up outms to have an okay chance at surviving.It is not the best industry to be in, but Nucor still has been able to flourish due to its organizational philosophy and technological innovation. 2) The driving forces behind the steel industry are industry touch on rate, globalization, technological change and manufacturing puzzle out innovation, exit of major firms, and frequent change in cost. The steel industry is falling. The re is a declining claim for steel and many companies have already foregone bankrupt or are on the verge of going bankrupt. Some of these companies are Bethlehem Steel and Ling-Temco-Vought.The steel industry is very difficult to compete in because more(prenominal) steel is being produced than there is demand for it. Globalization is also a problem for the steel industry in the States. Due to globalization it is acquiring easier for competing companies to send their products to other countries. This causes a problem for companies resembling Nucor because America has strict labor laws. In other countries labor is employ and workers are paid very little, while in America, companies must pay their workers a minimum wage.One secure thing that America does do is provide tariffs on inpouring steel products to avail American companies better compete with the international companies. Some countries are subsidiaries to the steel companies in their countries. This means that the gover nments have a vested interest in the company and want it to succeed. The companies can then sell products, handle steel, at a much lower price due to the incoming funding form the government. china has been accused of this and America has taken action to alert the World Trade Organization to settle the matter, but this is only one step to leveling the contend field with china.The technologies for making steel are constantly changing and this allows for more economical and therefore cheaper steel products. It seems that the companies, who obtain these technologies, obtain a significant learning ability start in the industry. Like I said before, many companies are going bankrupt and are leaving the exiting the industry. Since steel is a commodity it leads to very volatile prices and can change quite frequently due to demand. By looking at Exhibit 1, you can see how the average price per short net ton decreased form $425 per ton in 2000 to $354 per ton in 2001.This give shows h ow many tons of steel Nucor sold during certain(a) years from 1970 to 2006. It is interesting to see that Nucors net income was fairly low during the years of 2000-2002, but increased to $1,121. 5 million. This is because of Nucors many acquisitions during the low period. fair a few years later in 2004, the price of steel was back up to $595 per ton. These driving forces very easily impact the steel industrys competitive body coordinate in a bad way. These driving forces make it very difficult for steel companies to compete in this industry. 3)The prospects for future positiveness of the U.S. steel makers are very unattractive. Unless America can flourishingly combat Chinas enormously, inexpensive, production ability, I do not see any American steel company surviving. China just has too big of a production ability and has the workforce to do it cheaply. Nucor will have to stretch out in this industry in the United States to survive. If the WTO negotiations with China go well t hen American steel companies may have a chance in the steel industry. If they do, then America can increase tariffs on incoming steel products and give American steel companies a chance to survive.Future gainfulness looks grim for American steel companies because of what I described before. China has been accused of subsidizing its steel companies, therefore funding them to make it possible to dump steel which is the process of selling steel at prices below the cost of making it. China would do this because then it would eventually under price foreign competitors and run them out of business. This, supposedly, happened back in 2000-2001 and devastated the steel industry in America, causing many companies to go bankrupt or be bought by other companies.Nucor was lucky sufficient to have survived this fall out and acquired many steel coiffures at low prices. The steel industry did bounce back in 2005-2006 and this allowed Nucor to grow quite chop-chop due to its previous acquisiti ons. If America can again survive the big Chinese power, then Nucor will succeed, but right now it looks bleak for the American steel industry. 4)Nucor has adopted a cheap strategy based on foursome government agencys. These parts are acquisitions, technological innovation, plant innovation, and colligation ventures.The acquisition part of the Nucor strategy is that it has acquired many different steel companies in 2000-2001, when the steel industry in America was suffering. Because of the low time in the steel industry, Nucor could get steel companies at lower prices than normal. This facilitateed its low-cost strategy substantially because it allowed Nucor to grow yet still remain a low-cost steel producer. Exhibit 2 shows Nucors financials, and very accurately illustrates the strike Nucor took during the low period of 2000-2003.This was a perfect time for Nucor to buy other steel companies, as this was one of the only ways for it to grow. Nucor invested heavily in new tech nologies. Investing in new technologies is very important for steel companies to do, as it is very easy to reduce costs if the company has a foothold on a new technology. Nucor focused on the introduction of disruptive technologies to give it an advantage in the market as compared to its competitors in terms of product theatrical role, cost per ton, and market share. One example of this is the Castrip process.This new process produced flat-rollight-emitting diode, carbon, and stainless steels in very thin gauges. It allowed Nucor to produce steel in fewer steps, and helped produce savings in its operating expenses, therefore increasing Nucors net income. The Castrip process chooseed lower-quality methamphetamine hydrochloride steel, which decreased costs of the scrap steel, and required 90% less energy. Also this new process cut green house gases by 80%. Nucor also increased its ceiling investments on the newest machinery to provide more efficient steel plants.By providing its w orkforce with the best possible technology, Nucor was able to max out production yet still entertain a safe work environment. The implementation of hard working plant managers, produced hardworking managers that are aggressive enough to implement methods to improve product quality while keeping costs low. Nucors last strategic part was its joint ventures. By investing in joint ventures, Nucor was able to grow internationally with out the full capital risk. Some examples of this were its joint ventures in Brazil, Australia, and Trinidad.The joint venture in Brazil was between Companhia Vale do Rio Doce and Nucor. The goal was to produce an environmentally friendly hair iron plant that used eucalyptus trees as dismiss. The use of eucalyptus trees as fuel removed 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide from the strain for every one ton of pig iron produced. Another joint venture was three other companies in Australia. This plant used a new technology process called HIsmelt. This new proces s converted iron ore to pig iron at a lower cost and higher quality than previously known pig iron producing technologies.The Trinidad plant was acquired in 2007 and was originally in Louisiana. The plant was moved to Trinidad because of the constant supply of natural gas as fuel therefore lowering costs. This plant reduced scrap metal dependence by as much as 25%. It also allowed for a higher quality production of tag end steel. Nucors four-part strategy has lead to a competitive sustainable advantage as seen in exhibit 2 between the years of 2004-2006 when its net income soared to more than $1,757. 7 million. Nucor used a cost-based advantage to achieve its competitive sustainable advantage. )Nucor employed an organization philosophy consisting of decentralization, individually operated plants, a three layer structure, good compensation practices for its employees, and good employee relations. Nucors decentralized structure allowed for its employees to make quick decisions that did not have to go through all of the bureaucratic steps like that in a centralized company. A decentralized company relied on higher quality employees that could analyze a speckle and react quickly and successfully. The individually operated plants were akin to the decentralized company.Each plant was individually responsible for its profits. The three layers consisted of the executives at the headquarters located in randomness Carolina, the general managers that ran the plants and talked to the executives, and the hourly employees that did close to of the labor at the plants. The general managers ran the plants individually form separately other and were expected to reach, at least, a 25% elapse on its total assets. If a general manager failed this, the executives would interfere and had no hesitation in replacing an unsuccessful general manager.The individual plants allowed for team like competitions between plants to see who could be the best performer. Nucor was nonunion, but provided salaries based on competing plants salaries in the area. Nucor offered a generous compensation bonus to good work that differed for each worker. Hourly workers received bonuses if they produced more than the standard number of tons. Department managers earned annual bonuses depending on percentage of net income to dollars of assets. Nucor also had great employee relations. Nucor offered 401k plans by twinned up to 25% of employees contributions. medical checkup and dental plans were very common for Nucor employees. There was also a tuition reimbursement of up to $2,750 for any employee. For the children of employees, Nucor would provide a light up to $2,750, which would encourage employees to take a breather until their went to college. As seen here, Nucor treated its employees very well to reduce employee turnover and attract the best employees. Nucor required a high gentlemans gentleman capital if it were going to use a decentralized structure. The high quality e mployees that Nucor attracted helped Nucor execute its low-cost strategy, and led to superior results. )Nucors leadership, great strategy, and execution were what led to why Nucor was so successful in the steel industry. The great leader that Nucor relied upon was Kenneth Iverson, who changed Nucor from a nuclear energy company into a steel company. As seen in the last question, the decentralized structure helped Nucor react t problems quickly due to the ability of employees to take the authority to solving problems. To be a great company, you need all three. This was evident in the case of Nucor because it was turned around and became a very successful company in a very different and difficult industry than where it started. )The SWOT analysis of Nucor is as follows. The strengths of Nucor are its strong market position, historically based position, increased production capacity, and strong technological focus. Nucor had a strong market position that allowed it to flourish in the s teel industry. The strong market position is shown by its ability to check out of the red during hard times. This is seen in exhibit 1. Nucor continued to have a positive net income, even during the low period between 2000 and 2002, as seen in exhibit 1. Nucors historically based position has given up it a long-standing presence that is known to most steel consumers.This has helped Nucor because it tells the consumers that Nucor has been able to provide quality steel year after year. As seen in exhibit 1, Nucor has more and more produced steel starting at 207,000 tons in 1970 to 22,118,000 tons in 2006. This maturement is enormous and not once did Nucors steel sales fall below its previous year. Nucors strong technological focus has allowed it to become a power in the steel industry. It used electric arc furnaces when they were a new technology and encouraged set ahead innovation into the steel production methods.Some weaknesses of Nucor are that it is in the main located in A merica and that the steel industry is already very real. The fact that Nucor is mainly in America limits its growth. Nucor cannot compete with international companies so it is best to stay in America, but that continues to limit its growth because Nucor can only sell so much steel in the United States. The steel industry is very developed due to the early demand for the high amounts of steel back when the steel industry started. Now demand has lessened and the developed companies are fighting to stay alive. Nucors opportunities are joint ventures and new technologies.Nucor has taken advantage of some of its joint ventures in Brazil and Australia. This is good because is allows for an expanded production line and further integration backwards. New technologies are a good way for Nucor to grow as it can decrease its costs and therefore increase its net income. This is a necessity for Nucor due to its prison-like existence in America. The threats on Nucor are foreign competitors and decreasing demand. Foreign competitors are growing in the developing nations like India and China. These nations are very large and China already produces one third of the steel in the world.Decreasing is also a problem, which is caused by the increasing amount of suppliers. Nucors distinct competencies are its exceedingly successful strategy and high quality human, technology, and leadership capital. 8)My assessment of Nucors tenor is that it has done the best out of its American competitors as shown in exhibit 3. Exhibit 3 is a comparison of the stocks of Mittal Steel (MT), U. S. Steel (X), AK Holding Steel Company (AKS), and of course Nucor Corporation (NUE). As shown, exhibit 3 shows these four stocks from 1999 to 2009. Mittal Steel did surpass Nucor during the years of 2007 and 2008, but currently Nucor is the highest.This is good because it shows the reaction to the recession, and it shows that Nucor bounced back the best. I personally would not purchase any steel stock beca use I believe that the growing steel industries in China and India will over power the American steel companies. However, if I had to invest in a steel company, it would in fact be Nucor. 9)Nucor needs to address the growing steel industry in Asia. Daniel DiMicco needs to do something to en trusted that Nucor survives. I would exhort further investment in new steel technologies, and if it comes to it, Nucor may have to change industries again, like it did back in 1970.DiMicco may want to make sure that he is not keeping all of Nucors eggs in one basket by staying in the steel industry. Moving into the energy industry may be a smart move as there is a definite need for alternative energy. Nucors current, increasing net income could help invest in alternative energies that would help Nucor become sustainable. 10)The biggest recent event is the possibility of China potentially steel dumping, which would under price Nucor substantially. This would lead to the decline of Nucor. Another current event is the new technology of producing Green Steel (http//news. n. msn. com/business/article. aspx? cp-documentid=1090378). This is a new technology that takes cop plastic and converts it into steel. Since plastic is mainly carbon, it is possible to produce steel from the thriftlessness plastic. This would solve the problem of what to do with the plastic that is no longer used and help produce cheap steel that also lowers emissions. Lower temperature is needed in this new process therefore reducing the energy needed. This new technology converts waste into very much needed, and effective steel.Nucor Steel Case StudyThere are many competitive forces that are affecting Nucor Corporation. Some of the primary ones are the market size, number of rivals, and pace of technological change. The market size is shrinking because of the increase in competing international steel companies. The number of rivals in America is declining due to higher labor costs than in foreign countr ies. There is a very fast pace of technology in the steel industry and it seems that the company, that obtains the newest technology, flourishes. This is due to the difficulty in lower costs of steel production.Better technology is one of the only ways to decrease costs because labor is pretty much at a set cost and all that is left is the cost of iron and making the steel. If a company can get its hands on a new technology that allows it to under price its competitors then it has a big advantage in the steel industry. Nucors main rivals in the steel industry are AK Steel Holding Corporation, Mittal Steel Company, and U. S. Steel. The five forces for the steel industry are the buyers, substitutes, suppliers, threat of new entrants, and rivals. The buyers have a fairly strong power on the steel producers.This is because of the low switching cost between competitors. Unless a contract is signed between a steel company and its buyer, there is little cost to the buyer if it wants to swi tch to a different steel company. There are not very many substitutes for steel, as steel is a commodity, so the substitute power is weak. Steel is a one of a kind item in that it is very strong and very versatile in its use. It is used in buildings, automobiles, bridges, garage door openers, and many other everyday objects. Suppliers also have a weak power in the steel industry.The suppliers are supplying iron to steel companies. Iron is very common and many companies sell it. Also, steel companies frequently integrate backwards and provide their own iron to their steel mills. The threat of new entrants is very weak due to high entry barriers and the current struggling competitors. The rival power is moderate to strong because there are a fair number of steelmaking companies. Also steel dumping occurs, but I will be talking about that later. According to this analysis, Nucor is in a three star industry, so it seems to have an okay chance at surviving.It is not the best industry to be in, but Nucor still has been able to flourish due to its organizational philosophy and technological innovation. 2) The driving forces behind the steel industry are industry growth rate, globalization, technological change and manufacturing process innovation, exit of major firms, and frequent change in cost. The steel industry is falling. There is a declining demand for steel and many companies have already gone bankrupt or are on the verge of going bankrupt. Some of these companies are Bethlehem Steel and Ling-Temco-Vought.The steel industry is very difficult to compete in because more steel is being produced than there is demand for it. Globalization is also a problem for the steel industry in America. Due to globalization it is getting easier for competing companies to send their products to other countries. This causes a problem for companies like Nucor because America has strict labor laws. In other countries labor is exploited and workers are paid very little, while in Ame rica, companies must pay their workers a minimum wage.One good thing that America does do is provide tariffs on incoming steel products to help American companies better compete with the international companies. Some countries are subsidiaries to the steel companies in their countries. This means that the governments have a vested interest in the company and want it to succeed. The companies can then sell products, like steel, at a much lower price due to the incoming funding form the government. China has been accused of this and America has taken action to alert the World Trade Organization to settle the matter, but this is only one step to leveling the playing field with China.The technologies for making steel are constantly changing and this allows for more efficient and therefore cheaper steel products. It seems that the companies, who obtain these technologies, obtain a significant head start in the industry. Like I said before, many companies are going bankrupt and are leavin g the exiting the industry. Since steel is a commodity it leads to very volatile prices and can change quite frequently due to demand. By looking at Exhibit 1, you can see how the average price per ton decreased form $425 per ton in 2000 to $354 per ton in 2001.This exhibit shows how many tons of steel Nucor sold during certain years from 1970 to 2006. It is interesting to see that Nucors net income was fairly low during the years of 2000-2002, but increased to $1,121. 5 million. This is because of Nucors many acquisitions during the low period. Just a few years later in 2004, the price of steel was back up to $595 per ton. These driving forces very easily impact the steel industrys competitive structure in a bad way. These driving forces make it very difficult for steel companies to compete in this industry. 3)The prospects for future profitability of the U.S. steel makers are very unattractive. Unless America can successfully combat Chinas enormously, inexpensive, production abili ty, I do not see any American steel company surviving. China just has too big of a production ability and has the workforce to do it cheaply. Nucor will have to expand in this industry in the United States to survive. If the WTO negotiations with China go well then American steel companies may have a chance in the steel industry. If they do, then America can increase tariffs on incoming steel products and give American steel companies a chance to survive.Future profitability looks grim for American steel companies because of what I described before. China has been accused of subsidizing its steel companies, therefore funding them to make it possible to dump steel which is the process of selling steel at prices below the cost of making it. China would do this because then it would eventually under price foreign competitors and run them out of business. This, supposedly, happened back in 2000-2001 and devastated the steel industry in America, causing many companies to go bankrupt or b e bought by other companies.Nucor was lucky enough to have survived this fall out and acquired many steel plants at low prices. The steel industry did bounce back in 2005-2006 and this allowed Nucor to grow quite rapidly due to its previous acquisitions. If America can again survive the big Chinese power, then Nucor will succeed, but right now it looks bleak for the American steel industry. 4)Nucor has adopted a low-cost strategy based on four parts. These parts are acquisitions, technological innovation, plant innovation, and joint ventures.The acquisition part of the Nucor strategy is that it has acquired many different steel companies in 2000-2001, when the steel industry in America was suffering. Because of the low time in the steel industry, Nucor could purchase steel companies at lower prices than normal. This helped its low-cost strategy substantially because it allowed Nucor to grow yet still remain a low-cost steel producer. Exhibit 2 shows Nucors financials, and very accur ately illustrates the hit Nucor took during the low period of 2000-2003.This was a perfect time for Nucor to buy other steel companies, as this was one of the only ways for it to grow. Nucor invested heavily in new technologies. Investing in new technologies is very important for steel companies to do, as it is very easy to reduce costs if the company has a foothold on a new technology. Nucor focused on the introduction of disruptive technologies to give it an advantage in the market as compared to its competitors in terms of product quality, cost per ton, and market share. One example of this is the Castrip process.This new process produced flat-rolled, carbon, and stainless steels in very thin gauges. It allowed Nucor to produce steel in fewer steps, and helped produce savings in its operating expenses, therefore increasing Nucors net income. The Castrip process needed lower-quality scrap steel, which decreased costs of the scrap steel, and required 90% less energy. Also this new process cut green house gases by 80%. Nucor also increased its capital investments on the newest machinery to provide more efficient steel plants.By providing its workforce with the best possible technology, Nucor was able to max out production yet still retain a safe working environment. The implementation of hard working plant managers, produced hardworking managers that are aggressive enough to implement methods to improve product quality while keeping costs low. Nucors last strategic part was its joint ventures. By investing in joint ventures, Nucor was able to grow internationally with out the full capital risk. Some examples of this were its joint ventures in Brazil, Australia, and Trinidad.The joint venture in Brazil was between Companhia Vale do Rio Doce and Nucor. The goal was to produce an environmentally friendly pig iron plant that used eucalyptus trees as fuel. The use of eucalyptus trees as fuel removed 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for every one t on of pig iron produced. Another joint venture was three other companies in Australia. This plant used a new technology process called HIsmelt. This new process converted iron ore to pig iron at a lower cost and higher quality than previously known pig iron producing technologies.The Trinidad plant was acquired in 2007 and was originally in Louisiana. The plant was moved to Trinidad because of the constant supply of natural gas as fuel therefore lowering costs. This plant reduced scrap metal dependence by as much as 25%. It also allowed for a higher quality production of sheet steel. Nucors four-part strategy has lead to a competitive sustainable advantage as seen in exhibit 2 between the years of 2004-2006 when its net income soared to more than $1,757. 7 million. Nucor used a cost-based advantage to achieve its competitive sustainable advantage. )Nucor employed an organization philosophy consisting of decentralization, individually operated plants, a three layer structure, good co mpensation practices for its employees, and good employee relations. Nucors decentralized structure allowed for its employees to make quick decisions that did not have to go through all of the bureaucratic steps like that in a centralized company. A decentralized company relied on higher quality employees that could analyze a situation and react quickly and successfully. The individually operated plants were akin to the decentralized company.Each plant was individually responsible for its profits. The three layers consisted of the executives at the headquarters located in South Carolina, the general managers that ran the plants and talked to the executives, and the hourly employees that did most of the labor at the plants. The general managers ran the plants individually form each other and were expected to reach, at least, a 25% return on its total assets. If a general manager failed this, the executives would interfere and had no hesitation in replacing an unsuccessful general man ager.The individual plants allowed for team like competitions between plants to see who could be the best performer. Nucor was nonunion, but provided salaries based on competing plants salaries in the area. Nucor offered a generous compensation bonus to good work that differed for each worker. Hourly workers received bonuses if they produced more than the standard number of tons. Department managers earned annual bonuses depending on percentage of net income to dollars of assets. Nucor also had great employee relations. Nucor offered 401k plans by matching up to 25% of employees contributions.Medical and dental plans were very common for Nucor employees. There was also a tuition reimbursement of up to $2,750 for any employee. For the children of employees, Nucor would provide a scholarship up to $2,750, which would encourage employees to stay until their went to college. As seen here, Nucor treated its employees very well to reduce employee turnover and attract the best employees. N ucor required a high human capital if it were going to use a decentralized structure. The high quality employees that Nucor attracted helped Nucor execute its low-cost strategy, and led to superior results. )Nucors leadership, great strategy, and execution were what led to why Nucor was so successful in the steel industry. The great leader that Nucor relied upon was Kenneth Iverson, who changed Nucor from a nuclear energy company into a steel company. As seen in the last question, the decentralized structure helped Nucor react t problems quickly due to the ability of employees to take the authority to solving problems. To be a great company, you need all three. This was evident in the case of Nucor because it was turned around and became a very successful company in a very different and difficult industry than where it started. )The SWOT analysis of Nucor is as follows. The strengths of Nucor are its strong market position, historically based position, increased production capacity, and strong technological focus. Nucor had a strong market position that allowed it to flourish in the steel industry. The strong market position is shown by its ability to stay out of the red during hard times. This is seen in exhibit 1. Nucor continued to have a positive net income, even during the low period between 2000 and 2002, as seen in exhibit 1. Nucors historically based position has given it a long-standing presence that is known to most steel consumers.This has helped Nucor because it tells the consumers that Nucor has been able to provide quality steel year after year. As seen in exhibit 1, Nucor has increasingly produced steel starting at 207,000 tons in 1970 to 22,118,000 tons in 2006. This growth is enormous and not once did Nucors steel sales fall below its previous year. Nucors strong technological focus has allowed it to become a power in the steel industry. It used electric arc furnaces when they were a new technology and encouraged further innovation into the st eel production methods.Some weaknesses of Nucor are that it is mainly located in America and that the steel industry is already very developed. The fact that Nucor is mainly in America limits its growth. Nucor cannot compete with international companies so it is best to stay in America, but that continues to limit its growth because Nucor can only sell so much steel in the United States. The steel industry is very developed due to the early demand for the high amounts of steel back when the steel industry started. Now demand has lessened and the developed companies are fighting to stay alive. Nucors opportunities are joint ventures and new technologies.Nucor has taken advantage of some of its joint ventures in Brazil and Australia. This is good because is allows for an expanded production line and further integration backwards. New technologies are a good way for Nucor to grow as it can decrease its costs and therefore increase its net income. This is a necessity for Nucor due to it s prison-like existence in America. The threats on Nucor are foreign competitors and decreasing demand. Foreign competitors are growing in the developing nations like India and China. These nations are very large and China already produces one third of the steel in the world.Decreasing is also a problem, which is caused by the increasing amount of suppliers. Nucors distinct competencies are its highly successful strategy and high quality human, technology, and leadership capital. 8)My assessment of Nucors stock is that it has done the best out of its American competitors as shown in exhibit 3. Exhibit 3 is a comparison of the stocks of Mittal Steel (MT), U. S. Steel (X), AK Holding Steel Company (AKS), and of course Nucor Corporation (NUE). As shown, exhibit 3 shows these four stocks from 1999 to 2009. Mittal Steel did surpass Nucor during the years of 2007 and 2008, but currently Nucor is the highest.This is good because it shows the reaction to the recession, and it shows that Nuc or bounced back the best. I personally would not purchase any steel stock because I believe that the growing steel industries in China and India will over power the American steel companies. However, if I had to invest in a steel company, it would in fact be Nucor. 9)Nucor needs to address the growing steel industry in Asia. Daniel DiMicco needs to do something to ensure that Nucor survives. I would recommend further investment in new steel technologies, and if it comes to it, Nucor may have to change industries again, like it did back in 1970.DiMicco may want to make sure that he is not keeping all of Nucors eggs in one basket by staying in the steel industry. Moving into the energy industry may be a smart move as there is a definite need for alternative energy. Nucors current, increasing net income could help invest in alternative energies that would help Nucor become sustainable. 10)The biggest recent event is the possibility of China potentially steel dumping, which would under price Nucor substantially. This would lead to the downfall of Nucor. Another current event is the new technology of producing Green Steel (http//news. n. msn. com/business/article. aspx? cp-documentid=1090378). This is a new technology that takes waste plastic and converts it into steel. Since plastic is mainly carbon, it is possible to produce steel from the waste plastic. This would solve the problem of what to do with the plastic that is no longer used and help produce cheap steel that also lowers emissions. Lower temperature is needed in this new process therefore reducing the energy needed. This new technology converts waste into very much needed, and useful steel.

Acquiring a jewelry company

Nowadays, the cut down in companies establishing strategic alliances has become much apparent as compared to the trend in 1980s and 1990s.Companies have viewed that diversity in the global commercialise has been increasing rapidly and such(prenominal) formation of alliances may help them achieve a fast and a long-term profitable increase for their businesses. The establishment of strategic alliances is a technique of expansion and diversification, accomplished through the strategic implementation of uniting and of accomplishment.Merger and acquisition are deuce different terms that are often interchanged because the purposes in determining these two strategic implementations are often very similar. These two methods start with the acquisition strategy where a keep company attempts to find an appropriate company to merge with.Accordingly, a merger occurs as two companies agree to rack as a new single company where the original identity is maintained. On the other hand, acquis ition occurs as a company obtains and takes over another company to venture into a new recess business.Most companies who decide to merge with or acquire another company have the goal of ensuring stability and yield of their businesses in the future. However, every company in like manner has distinctive goals that relate to their business.A company may decide to merge or acquire to save its collapsing business, to operate with reduced competition, or to diversify its services or products. In the process of merging and acquiring, these goals of the companies are coupled with advantages and potential disadvantages as salubrioushead.This make-up take ons to discuss the potential benefits that Zale toilet will obtain as it pursues its plan of merging with or acquiring Blue Nile, Inc. In addition, this paper aims to analyze each of the company by providing a company backgrounder and a comparative financial financial statement analysis, which includes liquidity analysis, activit y analysis, profitability analysis, and capital structure analysis.Furthermore, this paper aims to provide a company military rating of Blue Nile, Inc. as well as information on mergers and acquisitions that Zale Corporation need to consider preliminary to pursuing its plans.COMPANY BACKGROUNDERA. Zale CorporationZale Corporation is one of the largest specialty sellers of handsome jewelry. Morris Zale, Ben Lipshy, and William Zale founded the company in 1924. It is now operating 2,203 retail locations throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada. More so, Zale Corporation has established several different business units. These includeZales JewelersZales Jewelers, in like manner known as the Diamond Store, is recognized nationally as an authority in pretty jewels. It has big(p) into an international jewelry corporation relying on its commitment to excellence as well as its steady traditions. The focus of Zales Jewelers is to provide a range of choices for the majority of jewelry customers. Apart from fine jewelry, it also offers brand-name watches, which provides customers a variety of trade in at a scope of price points.Zales OutletThe stores of Zales Outlet are tied-up with the national selling programs of Zales Jewelers. Thus, it has gained recognition with customers. It competes with well-known retailers however, it tops the fine jewelers of the outlet market. Zales Outlet offers a diversified range of merchandise including certified diamond fight rings, colored gemstones, platinum jewelries, and Swiss watches from famous makers. It has established a devoted customer base that specifically seeks for tremendous value of discontinued styles.Gordons JewelersThe target market of Gordons Jewelers is the upper moderate customers who seek a complete selection of diamonds and fine jewelry. Gordons Jewelers has created an expert gross revenue team that offers a rare combination of value, service, and quality to its customers. Its marketing strate gy includes direct mail and report inserts and regional television features. The stores of Gordons Jewelers are designed in an appealing environment with friendly gross sales staff.Peoples JewelersPeoples Jewelers is the largest national jewelry retailer in Canada. Its focus is to provide a varied selection of fine jewelry and brand-name watches at affordable prices. Peoples Jewelers has developed its exclusive 100-facet Peoples Canadian Diamond Collection, which is mined, cut, and polished in the nor-west Territories. It ensures its customers that the hottest trends in jewelries including titanium, stainless steel, gemstones in all colors, gold fashions, circle pendants, and cultured pearls are offered in its stores.Mappins JewelersMappins Jewelers also caters to customers in Canada who seek classic fine jewelry and watches. Mappins offers a varied range of merchandise from engagement rings to modern and contemporary jewelry. The marketing programs of Mappins establish strong com mitment to excellence as well as strong traditions. Its television campaigns aim to carry out gift-giving programs while its direct mail campaigns aim to provide special values and strong communication with customers.Piercing PagodaPiercing Pagoda started from a single retail location to manacles of kiosks. It is the largest specialty kiosk retailer of extensive selection of gold charms, rings, body jewelry, bracelets, earrings, chains. It also offers stainless and funds jewelry.Piercing Pagoda was acquired by Zale Corporation in 2000 to broader the range of customers specifically in the younger customer category.Zale Corporation believes that this market appreciates quality jewelry at level price points. In return, the acquisition of Piercing Pagoda has opened the luck to capitalize on the resources of Zale Corporation and modernize the look of Piercing Pagoda in order to provide its customers with more desirable products.ZLC DirectZLC Direct is the online base of the brands of Z ale Corporation, which provides e-commerce web stores for both Zales and Gordons Jewelers. It provides direct access to customers who prefer to purchase quality merchandise on the Internet. The quality and service found in the stores of Zale Corporation is also exhibited in the sites of ZLC Direct as it also offers value, excitement, and convenience for online shoppers of today.Zale Corporation has established its mission of being the best fine jewelry retailer in North America. Its goal is to innovate and market unique jewelry assortments as well as to offer superior customer experience. Zale Corporation is committed to establishing strong and lasting relationships with its customers and at the same time build value for its shareholders. It assures its talented workforce of continues success through trainings and rewards as well as permanency of jobs.

Death of a Salesman Tragic Hero

Willy as Tragic Hero in Death Of A Sales human race Willy Loman is indeed a pathetic and tragic sub of Death of a Salesman. His problems stem from his accept delusions, the American moon turning acrimony, and misunderstanding his job and family. All of this tells the bosh of e actuallyday people in American society. His environment is changing faster than his beliefs which is why he is in the dilemma that he is in now. His own delusions are a result of his failure to succeed in life. He still believes he is popular, respected and good looking. But at age 63, he is none of these. Nobody liked him that much since very few people came to his funeral.His delusion was that thither would be people across the region coming to the funeral. However, in those moments that he begins to realize the truth, his wife Linda while understanding his situation, supports his delusion. She say to him that youre the best looking man in the world. But the truth is that being popular and good looking is not how you would succeed in the world now. It would be through hard work and perseverance. The American Dream has long turned sour for him. At the beginning of his life, he remembers traveling in a wagon going westward. His parents conquered the new bourn and succeeded.His brother Ben went into the jungle at 17 and came out rich at age 21. For a while, the American Dream was alive in Willy too. He helped s involve out new territory by selling his goods, his son Biff was going to go to university with a scholarship and he had a pedestal with no apartments closing on him. But now, he was forced to work on commission at an old age and was fired later by his godson. His favored son Biff had wandered about the country doing odd jobs for many years, his friends son Charlie was successful and his home was now surrounded by apartment buildings which blocked out the sunlight.He was not a success in selling , he failed to raise his sons and his beliefs were just delusions. and through hard work and perseverance would he achieve his goal of success notwithstanding he decided to go on the lazy route and failed. Willy Loman misunderstood his family and job with profound reprucssions. He exclusively misunderstood his occupation by arduous to sell himself than the products. He could not hope to succeed because there was virtually nothing to advance on him. People could buy into him because there was nothing to sell in the first place. Because of t his, he eventually lost his job.His family was something he equally misunderstood. His wife and two children did not let him know that they knew the truth about him. They would tell him t hat his beliefs were wrong and that they knew he was trying to kill himself. They did n ot always support him. As Biff was leaving the restaurant, he told Happy to take care of his father. Happy rejected him and he told the 2 girls he had picked up that Willy was not his father but was just a guy. Willy left the restaurant very humilia ted. His son Biff no yearlong had the same ideals as Willy or respected him much after his affair with Miss Francis.He had instilled the idea along with Linda that they had the ability to save him but they didnt. He later dies to escape the repercussions of the problems he has caused himself. The pathetic and tragic hero of Death of Salesman is Willy Loman. He had a bright future but later got lost along the way. This is the story of the Low Man. Many believe in ideals like Willys, many have had the American Dream fail and many did not see that their family lost their way because of them. It is a tragedy that a man with so much potential lost everything by believing in the wrong things and never realizes his situation.

Methodologies

Human resource development is one of the roughly challenging tasks of running any business in the present world of competition and globalization. The level of need depends greatly on how much focus company gives to understanding the need and the demographics of the company. It is really important to brace intimately-motivated employees, because the motivated employees willing probably tempt harder, and likely produce a higher quality of become especially for a retail company.Motivation comes from heart and mind it is an internal process which determines the supremacy and adaptability of an employee in spite of appearance the business environment. It is very important that steps should be taken to strengthen this within the staff. This would require ride on the part of the organization to come up with steps to find out and research about ways in which employees a can be motivated. An organization needs a systematic methodologies base on sound research philosophy.A good r esearch philosophy should be ground on positive- scientific approach where analysis is based on factors which can be verified by statistics. Another, typeface of the research could be based on exploring the circumstances or the situations. Based on these two philosophies reading should be gathered. The purpose is to research the different motivational factors that affect sales people in the lymph node organization.The research approach should be selected to suit the nature of the company. The research approach can be deductive- based on testing the surmise or inductive based on building the theory. The inductive theory with emphasis on qualitative research should be the focus of research. The environment and the demographics of the company should be considered.The view should use qualitative research. In qualitative research the events could be studied in their natural surroundings. The entropy can be runed by exploring the circumstances or the situations. The data for this research comes from the secondary sources. Secondary data is more accurate than the primary data, and is also most economical and easy way of accessing entropy. The process requires the then(prenominal) and the recent researchers studies including books and journals, the internet, newspaper as some of the main sources for secondary data research. This teaching is very useful and provides comprehensive understanding of the issue.The research analysis is conducted after gathering and analyzing data. The emphasis is on the size and the nature of the actents. The respondents were randomly selected. All the salespeople from different brands were asked to participate in the deal. The primary source of the survey is finished interview. Ten shops have been chosen as target interviewees in different districts. The interview is designed to be done face to face. The time selected for interview is lunch hour. The questionnaires have been put together, which are to be collected after the interview. All data which is collected is confidential.The method employed in this research is through the questionnaire survey. A comprehensive list of question is prepared which could target the employees personal entropy eyeshot as well as the motivation aspect. The targeted interviewees are the staff below manager level. The push back is to evaluate relationship between pay and motivation. The question is prepared in simple and clear language, Chinese version is also made available to armed service in understanding. Every effort is taken to quash misunderstanding.The first part of the questionnaire gives personal education of the staff. The personal information related to the employees will reflect that information which gives information about them like, age, sex, education level and years of service with a particular facility or organization. This personal information is very essential for the selection of the well(p) person for the right origin. If the person is selec ted to accomplish a particular job for which he is suitable, this will lead to the growth of the company as well as the employee.His education a level and his experience plays a key role in determine the nature of his job. His age should be considered in deciding if he can take the amount of work related stress and strain. His gender would give him/ her a certain way of thinking which may dish up or hinder the kind of commitment. It requires careful selection based on these factors, to really find the right person with good motivation who can work with the company for the broad-term.The second part of the questionnaire focuses on the motivational factors or preferences based on eleven questions. These questions are ranked as highest to least desirable as far as motivation is concerned. They take into account he factors which determine motivation. It is important to understand what put out can the company illuminate to raise the motivation level of its employees. If everyone fee ls that they are equally treated as far as company policy is concerned with regard age, sex, ethnicity, and disability.If the employees are well make up with benefits, holidays, give upances and health benefits determined by their personal qualification. They will be happy to work for the company. The company should make an effort to find out through survey about How the Employees feel about work for the company. It is very important to have a motivated workforce with proper training, education and development for success in the present economy. This part of the survey has been evaluated in the following survey done to address the employees response.It is very important to have authentic data, which can military service research and analyze the motivation factors existing in the retail industry. Data should be collected from the literatures, journals, newspapers and the internet. The research is also aimed to analyze the internal motivation factors with information collected fro m staff interviews, official website and the staff handbook. The research and the analysis of the survey results combined with the statistical applications allow for the researcher to draw conclusion based on the objectives of the study.Ethical issues regarding the confidentiality of the information should also be cautiously observed. The information should be well guarded. The participants should trust the source of their survey. Then only can one obtain authentic and honest information.There are certain limitations to this method of survey the information may miscellany from day to day. In the process of research it is difficult to update the information on a never-ending basis, until the final study is finished. Thus this kind of research imposes that there be date beyond which information cannot be used. This can be a handicap. Some of the information which has been collected is found in Chinese, this will require time for translation. Sometimes the meaning can get lost in the process of translation. though the study tries its best to translate the original meanings from the original meanings.These surveys are critical to the analysis and the preaching of the motivation level of the people working for the retail company. This beautifully classifies the personal qualification which determines the level of their purview within the company. Once the employees and employers know each others strength, they find where the right person can be fixed for the right kind of job. Even an employee can be trained if interested for a particular job to which he may have better liking.If employer treats every employee with equal opportunity, the employee will work hard and with sincerity. It is very important to maintain that balance and motivation to keep a well trained workforce. If the employees are asked to respond to particular question as mentioned in the survey, they will feel they have important role and association within the company. This will make them mor e confident about their future and make them more motivated. So accurate personal evaluation, good benefits and reward system will keep the motivation level high.These methodologies help the company to find clear and defined ways to find suitable employees and also to retain them for long term. They can be a guideline for future decisions made by the company. It can also help company cone up with a reward system for positive consequences and penalties for negative consequences. The internal and unobserved aspect of motivation can be developed with good training, proper developmental setup and deposit future. The competition and the benefits can be planned in the light of the information gathered. This will further correct understanding between the employers and the employees for better teamwork.Works citedHuman Resource Management, HR354, Professional Competence, The Management Report, Student Handbook, 2006/07